|
Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, KG (28 April 1801 – 1 October 1885),〔〕 styled Lord Ashley from 1811 to 1851 and then Lord Shaftesbury following the death of his father, was an English politician, philanthropist and social reformer. He was a son of Cropley Ashley-Cooper, 6th Earl of Shaftesbury and older brother of Anthony Henry Ashley-Cooper. ==Early life: 1801–1826== 1801-1885 Lord Ashley, as he was styled until his father's death in 1851, was educated at Manor House school in Chiswick (1812–1813), Harrow School (1813–1816) and Christ Church, Oxford, where he gained first class honors in classics in 1822, took his MA in 1832 and was appointed DCL in 1841.〔John Wolffe, ‘(Cooper, Anthony Ashley-, seventh earl of Shaftesbury (1801–1885) )’, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 13 February 2012.〕 Ashley's early family life was loveless, a circumstance common among the British upper classes, and resembled in that respect the fictional childhood of Esther Summerson vividly narrated in the early chapters of Charles Dickens's novel ''Bleak House''.〔Geoffrey Best, ''Shaftesbury'' (London: B. T. Batsford, 1964), p. 14.〕 G.F.A Best in his biography ''Shaftesbury'' writes that: "Ashley grew up without any experience of parental love. He saw little of his parents, and when duty or necessity compelled them to take notice of him they were formal and frightening."〔Best, p. 15.〕 This difficult childhood was softened by the affection he received from his housekeeper Maria Millis, and his sisters. Millis provided for Ashley a model of Christian love that would form the basis for much of his later social activism and philanthropic work, as Best explains: "What did touch him was the reality, and the homely practicality, of the love which her Christianity made her feel towards the unhappy child. She told him bible stories, she taught him a prayer."〔Best, p. 16.〕 Despite this powerful reprieve, school became another source of misery for the young Ashley, whose education at Manor House from 1808 to 1813 introduced a "more disgusting range of horrors".〔 Shaftesbury himself shuddered to recall those years, "The place was bad, wicked, filthy; and the treatment was starvation and cruelty."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|